Process for making waterproof portland cement



106'. COMPOSITIONS, i l

COATING R PLASTIC.

Patented Dec. 1925.

water roofing qualities, greater plasticit and guicE hardening qualities whereby a 1,566,498 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES N. MILLER, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

PROCESS FOR MAKING WATERPROOF PORTLAND CEMENT.

No Drawing. Application filed February 26, 1924. Serial No. 695,375.

To all whom it may concern: facture. This results in a coating of the Be it known that I, CHARLES N. MniLnn, 2. individual cement particles with an inert, citizen of the United States, and a resident of or chemically inactive, material. The effect San Francisco, county of San Francisco, therefore is a purely physical or mechanical and State of California, have invented a new one, for while such cement possesses water and useful Process for Making Waterproof repulsing properties whilev in a dry state Portland Cement, of which the following is this property is perforce overcome when a specification. Such cement is mixed with the aggregate, for

This invention relates to cements such as cement will not mix or yield a mortar until natural Portland. svnthetic Portland cement it is thoroughly wetted and thus in a conor any 0 1er y ran 10 or cans 1c cemen dition to combine with the required water in such as plasters. Keene cements calcimines or order to complete the intended chemical reany cementi ious materials having Eydrauaction involved and required for a setting lie properties and capable of yielding prod and hardening of the mix. ucts possessing bonding qualities analagous My present invention resides primarily to those possessed by Portland cements and Business Sma l. i o intof.betatna ol 5 other hydraulic cements. Whose chemical formula commas firm? This new and improved process particusymbol C H, (OH) and a small amount? larly concerns certain improved methods gf'niiheral oil with the cemeni; clj lgingkits and reagent additions imparting to such I12 21 course of manufacture and ithbfit cements or cementitious materials superior' theUS'e ofan intermediate agent. i

Incarrying out my process I prefer to bring about the desired result by mixing a more eslra e, oug 1er and more impervious product is obtained. or in combination with a small amount of One object of this invention is to formumineral 011 with the cement during its late a process whereby a commercial chemi- ISB of manufacture, and I do this by addcal such as a certain coal tar derivative, 11g he required amounts of e h t th either alone or with a slight admixture of a g d clinker as it passes on its way fro nonvolatile oil, which may be either of a the ball mills to the tube mills; in other saponifiable or nonsaponifiable character, is ord I add my reagents directlv to and thoroughly incorporated into and made a P t0 the final gr nding stage of the uniform part of 2. Portland cement, or other Cement I cementitious material, cementitious material, during its course of manufacture mg same 1n powder or lump form on small A further object of this invention is to automate? scales in its P p ratio and F describe a process whereby a waterproof PP Q t0 he cement passing over other and cement, or cementitious material is produced slmllar fl i the Oil I Prefer to add m at reasonable d practical t an automatic feeding machine such as are A further object of this invention is to 111 oll'flotation Work- I V, however formulate a process whereby it is possible deslre to bring the beta naphtol into a $0111- to produce a cement having waterproof ble g' le solvents, incorpoqualities and which will permanently retain rate y 011111 its p p p p rti n and feed its original desirable qualities. 0th

Unto the present time cements have been above described- Waterproofed by the addition of soaps, fatty F f While I pre r and advocate acids to the cement, either during its course the fi l of y reagents to the Cement of manufacture or later on at the job of durlng Its n grinding stage I do not placing the concrete. These methods do not n rily limit myself thereto and may 105 yield a perfectly uniform or Waterproof cee g n s at any other suitable and ment and are expensive as well on account of IlVen ent part of the cement manufacturthe large amount of additional material remg processquired to perform the work intended. A It is also feasible to incorporate the relater method utilizes the addition of a mixagents into a cement or cementitious mateno ture of nonsaponifiable and saponitiable oils rial, after such material has passed the hands to the cement during its course of manuof the manufacturer, by regrinding such Examinea small amount of beta naphtol, either alone 80 I prefer to add the beta naphtol by weighautomatically from an oil feeder as For my oil prefer to use a li uid mineral oil as belng the cheapest and easiest 5 an e; of such I use an amount of from .02% to .2520. is e a naphtol I use anamount of from .05 'o o. ,e, an preferably .15% if used in combination with oil, based upon the weight of the cement or cementitious material, but I do not limit myself to these proportions as different cements require different amounts and the object to be attained in special cases may require a shifting of these percentages.

By experimentation it has been proven repellent qualities and will therefore resist the absorption of moisture or water while 1n storage and transit much better than untreated cement.

In cements thus prepared the beta naphtol will act only after the cement has been thoroughly wetted and then only very slow- 1y. The reaction does not appear to comlete until several days after the final set 'ias been reached and thus the water repellent propensities become of a more permanent nature than has been attained by previous processes, and such reaction is not accompanied by expansion or internal stresses.

The small amounts of the reagents required for effecting the desired results by this process, their comparatively low cost and the relatively large difference in price between untreated cements and waterproof that .15% of beta na ht l and 10% of oil cements renders this process economically by weight added to 9.:o% of d 1 ceih'ht" possible on account of its only slightly highby the process herein described will yield a highly plastic cement, a cement of quicker hardening propensities, and one possessing superior waterproofing qualities. The amount of oil may even be increased to 25% with favorable results, but it should be noted that a further addition of oil has .a tendency to lessen the tensile strength of the concrete made of the cement.

It has been shown that cement thus treated shows only a faint increase in setting time over untreated cement, will harden quicker than the untreated cement; such cement; will have tougher qualities than untreated cement. and will resist water better, and will show water repellent qualities even after test placques have been subjected to the steam test for ten hours.

By adding the reagents, as named, directly to the cement during the final grinding stage an absolutely uniform product is ob tained and while heat is not absolutely necessary to the success of this process I prefer to utilize heat during the grinding stage as it seems to aid a thorough dissemination of the reagents within the cement mass and may use for this purpose temperatures up to and inclusive of 212 degrees Fahrenheit.

The average tube mill temperature during the grinding stage reaches 185 degrees Fahrenheit and for all practical purposes I have found this temperature to be sufficient.

Cement thus prepared and placed into a glass container, where action may be observed, will readily demonstrate its water er manufacturing costs over untreated cements.

I claim:

1. The process of preparing waterproof i cement which consists in thoroughly mixing beta naphtol of the formula O E,

cement which consists in thoroughly incor porating into a cementitious material a mixture of beta naphtol and non-volatile oil in such small amounts as not to destroy the hydraulic qualities of the cementitious material.

5. The process of preparing waterproof cement which consists in thoroughly incorporating into a cementitious material a mixture of beta naphtol and non-volatile oil in substantially the proportion of 99.60 and 99.75 parts of cementitious material. .15 parts of beta-naphtol and .10 to .25 parts of oil.

CHARLES N. MILLER. 

